math¶
Mathematical functions.
Functions¶
math.ceil(x: float) -> float¶
Return the ceiling of x as a float.
math.floor(x: float) -> float¶
Return the floor of x as a float.
math.fabs(x: float) -> float¶
Return the absolute value of the float x.
math.copysign(x: float, y: float) -> float¶
Return a float with the magnitude of x but the sign of y.
math.sqrt(x: float) -> float¶
Return the square root of x.
math.pow(x: float, y: float) -> float¶
Return x raised to the power y.
math.exp(x: float) -> float¶
Return e raised to the power of x.
math.log(x: float) -> float¶
Return the natural logarithm of x (base e).
math.log(x: float, @base: float) -> float¶
Return the logarithm of x to the given base.
math.log10(x: float) -> float¶
Return the base 10 logarithm of x.
math.log2(x: float) -> float¶
Return the base 2 logarithm of x.
math.sin(x: float) -> float¶
Return the sine of x (measured in radians).
math.cos(x: float) -> float¶
Return the cosine of x (measured in radians).
math.tan(x: float) -> float¶
Return the tangent of x (measured in radians).
math.asin(x: float) -> float¶
Return the arc sine (measured in radians) of x.
math.acos(x: float) -> float¶
Return the arc cosine (measured in radians) of x.
math.atan(x: float) -> float¶
Return the arc tangent (measured in radians) of x.
math.atan2(y: float, x: float) -> float¶
Return the arc tangent (measured in radians) of y/x.
math.sinh(x: float) -> float¶
Return the hyperbolic sine of x.
math.cosh(x: float) -> float¶
Return the hyperbolic cosine of x.
math.tanh(x: float) -> float¶
Return the hyperbolic tangent of x.
math.degrees(x: float) -> float¶
Convert angle x from radians to degrees.
math.radians(x: float) -> float¶
Convert angle x from degrees to radians.
math.isfinite(x: float) -> bool¶
Return True if x is neither an infinity nor a NaN, and False otherwise.
math.isinf(x: float) -> bool¶
Return True if x is a positive or negative infinity, and False otherwise.
math.isnan(x: float) -> bool¶
Return True if x is a NaN (not a number), and False otherwise.
math.trunc(x: float) -> float¶
Truncate x to the nearest integral value toward 0.
math.expm1(x: float) -> float¶
Return exp(x) - 1, computed in a way that is accurate for small x.
math.log1p(x: float) -> float¶
Return the natural logarithm of 1+x (base e), computed in a way that is accurate for small x.
math.remainder(x: float, y: float) -> float¶
Return the IEEE 754-style remainder of x with respect to y.
math.gcd(a: long, b: long) -> long¶
Return the greatest common divisor of a and b.
math.factorial(n: int) -> long¶
Return n factorial. Raises ValueError for negative n and OverflowError for n > 20.
math.isclose(a: float, b: float, rel_tol: float = 1e-9d, abs_tol: float = 0.0d) -> bool¶
Determine whether two floating-point numbers are close in value.
math.perm(n: int) -> long¶
Return the number of permutations of n items, equivalent to n factorial.
math.perm(n: int, k: int) -> long¶
Return the number of ways to choose k items from n items without repetition and with order.
math.lcm(a: long, b: long) -> long¶
Return the least common multiple of a and b.
math.comb(n: int, k: int) -> long¶
Return the number of ways to choose k items from n items without repetition and without order.
math.fsum(iterable: list[float]) -> float¶
Return an accurate floating-point sum of values in the iterable.
math.prod(iterable: list[float], start: float = 1.0d) -> float¶
Return the product of all the elements in the iterable.
math.prod(iterable: list[int], start: long = 1) -> long¶
Return the product of all the elements in the iterable, starting with the given start value.
math.hypot(x: float, y: float) -> float¶
Return the Euclidean distance, sqrt(xx + yy).